Anchoring device



Patented May 10, 1927.

. UNITED STATES PA-TEN 'rfc OFFICE.'

MORTIMEB. CARLISLE LYDDANn'cr YONKERS. NEWYoRx.

ANCHORING DEVICE.

Application led December`25l1l9i25. Serial No. 72,686.

My present invention relates to anchoring devices of the type employed for the purpose of iixedly securing or anchoring screws, bolts and analogous fastening' elements in 4concrete and other masonryistructures.

It is the primary ob jectr of myvpresent iinproveinents to Jrovide a device for the above purpose embodying an expanding member of hard met-al and an expansible member of relatively soft metal together with novel means for retaining said members in their initially assembled positionsrelative to eachv other. These members are so formed and correlated that when said members are rela-v panding members engaged in said ends of the bore andopei'ating under the application of pressure Vto progressively expand the sleeve radially fromits ends to the center thereof. y I

1t is another object ofv my improvements to provide a means for retaining saidftwo expanding members Vand the expansible sleeve in initially assembled relation and for also positively locking saidexpanding members to cach other after the sleeve has been expanded.. ln gciieral, it is the aim'of my invention to provide an anchoring device having the above .mentioned novel features, others. whichl nevertheless, will. be' ot simple construction and wherein the several parts may be easily and quickly assembled and the anchoring operation expeditiously performed. p y

Witli'the above and other objects in View the invention consists in the improved anchoring device and in the form` construction and4 relative arrangement of the variousI elements as will be hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the'accompanying drawing and subsequently incorporated in the subjoinedclaims; In the drawing, wherein I have shown several simple and practicalembodiments ot among the invention andin which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views:

.Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View illustrating one embodiment of my-newV anchoring device showing the ysame arranged in lace before expansion.

Figure 2 is a siinilarview showing the device' after expansion of the anchoring member.

igure 3 is a longitudinal section showing a modified formof the device having a single(v expanding member. y

Figure 4 is a similar section illustrating a modification vof the double expansion form .of the device shown in Figure l Figures 5 and are similar sectionalviews showing another alternative form of the device before and after'expansiomrespectively.V

-Figuie 7 is asectional view` taken sub? stantially on the line 7 7 of Figure 5.

Referring more"particularly to "Figures and 2 of the drawing,v theembodiment of myiinvention therein illustrated'includes two expanding! members 5 and respectively, the

.member `6` also constituting an impact receiv'ingelement. Each of these members is formed of a relatively hard metal and has a i longitudinally tapering or" conically shapedperipheral surface, 7 and 8 respectively. Preferably, the member 5 is provided at its larger end With an annular bead or flange 9,'while the corresponding end of the `member 6 isformedV with the annular shoulder 10. Y

The member 6 is formed with an axial bore 11 which is counterbored at the smaller endy of said member and'tlireaded as at 12. The other member 5 also has-an axially extending bore which includes a relatively short section 13 at the smaller end of said member, a longer, longitudinally tapering intermedfate section let, and a second short end section 15. The tapered section 14 at. its larger end is connect-ed with the bore section 13 by an annular, obliquely inclined,

shoulder 16 and at'its other end is connected with the bore :section 15 by a similar shoulder` 17.

` As will 'be later explainedythev two expanding members are adapted to be con nected in permanently assembled relation with an expansible member by means of al sleeve 18. This sleeve is preferably formed of hardened steel and isinternal'ly threaded throughout its length as at 19. At one of lill its ends said sleeve is also provided with external threads for engagement in the threaded counterbore 12 oit the member 6. At its other end the sleeve is formed With an outwardly projecting lange 20 and is longitudinally split at spaced points, as shown at 21, to provide a series of resiliently' move able tongues 22. rl`he inner tace of the flange 2O on each et these tongues is inclined simiarly to the shoulders 16 and 17 and the outer edges ot said flanges are also slightly bevelled. l l

its herein shown. the expansible member 23 is in the torni oi a sleeve et lead or other comparatively sott metal. rlhis member may be ot any desired lpredetermined scctional form or shape and preferably has the opposite ends of its bore flared or tapered to snugly receive the smaller ends of the expamling members 5 and G, as indicated at 2l.

The several parts oil the device are permanently assembled priortouse7 so that they may be handledwas a single unit, in the fol.- lowing manner: rIhe sleeve 18 is iirst threaded into the counterbore 12 oi' the expanding member rlhe expansible member 23 is then inserted over the sleeve 18 until one end 241 o1' its bore seats upon the tapered surface 8 of said expanding member. Finally, the smaller end of the other expanding member 5 inserted into the other end otl the expansible member and suilicient pressure is applied to cause the member 5 to coact with the iiange's 20 and torce the spring tongues 22 inwardly so that said tianpes may pass tlnfough the bore section 13 of the expanding member. Thereupon, the tongues resume their normal relative positions and the flange` 2() thereof interlock with the internal shoulder 16 of the expanding member. At this ytime the tapered surface 7 of the member 5 will be in close contact with the surface 2l of tl e expansible member. In this manner it will be apparent that the three priniary elements are held in properly assembled relation and may be handled in large quantities, as in packing tor shipment, without liability ot' accidental separation ol the parts.

In the use oi the device, the Wall or floor E25 of concrete or other masonry is irst provided with a mortise 26 et the required depth. rThe anchoring device is then inserted therein with the expanding member 5 in contact witn the base of the mortise and the member 6 projecting beyond the open end thereof, as seen in Figure 1 of the drawing. The workman new strikes several sharp blows upon the end of the member G With a suitable hammer thereby forcing said member inwardly and causing the inner end et' the expansible member 23 to move upon the tapering face 7 of the expanding member 5. Thus the member 23 is radially expanded against the Wall of the mortise 26 and as the resistance to its longitudinal movement increases the impact receiving member 6 also exerts a radial expanding force against the Y outer end of said expansible member. Thus the, soft metal sleeve is simultaneously subjectec. to expanding pressures acting progressively from its opposite ends to the center thereof, During this expanding operation the flanges 20 ride against the 'tapered surface 111 of the member v5 so that the split end of the sleeve 18 is contracted. At the completion ot the expanding movement ot the member 6 and when it substantially flush with the face of the floor or wall, as shown in llignre 2, said tongues resume their normal positions and the flanges are engaged behind the shoulder 17 of the expanding member The two expanding members are thus positively connected and interlocked with each other and the possibility of their independent axial movement with respect to the body of expanded metal is precluded. It will be apparent that by the provision of the members 5 and G having opposed tapering surfaces simultaneously coacting with the expansible element7 the pressure forces causing said soft metal element to interlock with the irregularities of the mortise wall will be more uniformly distributed than would be the case it only the member 5 Were employed.

'After the device has thus been applied and secured in position, the part to be held, indicated` at 27, is arranged in position over the end of the member 6 and the bolt 28 inserted through an opening in said part and through the bore 11 and threaded into the sleeve 18 until the bolt head is tightly engaged against said part. Since the device above described is capable olt resisting the most severe tensile strains the bolt will thereby be lixedly anchored in place.

I have referred to the sleeve 18 as having a threaded connection with the member t5 but it will be understood that any other desired means may be employed for eit'ecting a permanent connection between these parts. Also other means than the sleeve 18 might be pio vided lor the purpose ot retaining the members 5 and (S in assembled relation with the expansible member 23 and one such alternative means I shall presently describe.

In Figure 3 et' the drawing I have shown a form of my invention in which only a single expanding member 29 is employed. rllhis member is ot' the same general conical form as the members 5 and (3 but is provided at its smaller end with a longitudinal extension BO to form a continuation of the bore 251. The other end of this bore is reduced and threaded, as at 32. One end ot a hard metal sleeve has a driving frictional t in the outer end of the bore 31 when the member 29 is inserted into the flaring end of the bore los] riesame of the soft metal expansible member 'Ihis sleeve 34 has ainarrowv inwardly extending i'ange 35 formed on said end thereof and at its other end is providedwith an outwardly projecting flange 36 which extends over the end face of the member and is permanently iixed thereto. -In this construction the `bott'oin face ot' the n'ieiiib'clQS) is preferably provided with a nuinbei` of radial ribs 37 to grip the base wall of the Amortise and prevent turningmovement of said inember. The bolt 38 t'o beused in connection. with this form of the deviceis provided with a shoulder 39- at the inner end of its threaded portion. l

It will be seen that the expanding andexpansibleA members are held in their ini* tially assembled positions by the rigid sleeve 34 and that sincethissle'eve isencl'osed within the expansible 'member which also partially encloses the expanding member, the composite unit will be of minimum length. In this case the expansion of the member 33 is automatically effected as the attaching bolt 38 is threaded home. Thus after the device is arranged in the. mortise and the part tobe secured positioned over the outer end thereof, the bolt 38 is inserted and as the threaded end 31 thereof engages-the thread 32 of the member Q9 the shoulder 39 on said bolt comes into bearing contact with the flange 35 on the sleeve 34 and orcessaid sleeve under Vpressure into the bore 31 of the expanding. member. The expansible member 33 is 'thereby moved-on the expanding member 29' and is radially expanded against the wall kof the mortise. When the member 33 has been fully expanded the bolt licad is in tight contact with thepart. Of

course,- tlie end flange' 36 of the sleeve `34 will also be spaced inwardly from the lface ot the wall, but in many cases this is not objectionable. i

In Figures 4 to 7 inclusive of the drawing I have illustrated another means for interlockingv the spaced expanding members in their initially assembled' positions with the interposed expansible member wherein a direct interlocking connection of each of the expanding members with the expansible member is automatically produced. n

As shown in Figure 4 the two expanding members 40 and' 41 are of the same'general external form as the vmembers 5 and 6. In this case, however, the member 40 has a threaded bore 42 extending the entire length thereof while theinember 41 has a smooth uiithreaded bore 43. At the smaller end ol the latter member the bearing flange 44 is formed. In the-construction illustrated in Figure 5 both of the expanding members 40 and 41 are provided `with the continuously threaded axial bores 42. In each of these alternative embodiments of my invention each ot the expanding members is formed at the smaller'end thereof and; upon its outer. facey with a series of spacedl radially projecting lugsfr teethl 45 vvhich'are of relatively ditl'erentV widths, as clearly seen in Figure 7 of the drawing.

As in the construction irst described the two expanding members are adapted to be iti'ally assembled with an interposed expansible member 46. I have shown this member of somewhat different kform fromY the member 23 but provided with the internal flared seats 47 at its' opposite ends to receive the si'nallends of the respective expanding meinbers. Between these seats the e'xpansiblev sleeve is reamed out to provide the annular concave wall 48, which, at its juncture with the inner ends of the seats 47, vforms the sharp edges Aindicated at 49.

In assembling the parts, the expandingv members are forced into the ends of' the soft metal sleeve 46 under sufficient pressure to cause the teeth 45 to cut shallow grooves in i the inner ends of the seats 47, as indicated at 50 11i Figure 7. When the expanding members are engaged with the respective fr? ber 46 is automatically expanded by means of the attaching y*bolt as in Figure 3, but requires a relatively lon'g bolt 38 having the shoulder 39 to bear upon the flange 44 of the expanding member 41. In the form shown in Figure 5 the bolt 38d has its shank threaded for substantially its entire length for engagement with the threaded bores ci both expanding members. case the expansion of the vmember 46 is feifected by impact of the hammer upon the expanding member 41 as in tlie construction first described. After expansion, as shown in Figure 6, the metal of sleeve 46 is interiff' locked with the teeth 45 thereby preventing relative turningl movement of the parts. vIi" desired, vin this form of the device, the threads may be omitted from the member 41. of such length that when the sleeve is fully expanded the opposedends of said members will be in contact with each other, as in Figure 2. However, the thickness of the intermediate wall section of the sleeve is E."

accurately calculated to obviate the possibility of the sleeve metal entering between the ends of the expanding members during the expanding action. l

t rom the foregoing description taken in In the latter if Also, the expanding members may be connection with the acconipanying drawing the construction `and manner ot use of the several illustrated embodiments ot my invention will be tully understood. lt will be noted that they possess the common characteristic that the expansible member and the expandin member ormen'iliers are tixedly held against relative separation in their initially assembled po ions by .means of parts which automatically cti-operate with each other in the act ol assen'ibling said members. l am aware of the tact that it has heretofore been proposed to provide meansI 'lfor retaining such expanding and expansiblc members in assembled relation, consisting, in one case ot a raimning sleeve frictionally litted on an extei'ision ot the expanding member, and in another of such a sleeve having` resilient, expansible tongues interlocked with one end olf the expa` ding meniber. lleivever, in both ot these prior art devices an additional ol eration is required alter the expansible and expanding members have been assembled in order to ellect the connction ot the retaining means. It will also be apparent that by providing two rigid expanding` members, simultaneously and independently applying radial expanding pressure upon the opposite ends of the sott metal sleeve, l obtain a more imilform interengaging anchorage between the outer side oij the sleeve throughout its length and the Wall or door structure than possible with such devices having a single expanding member acting upon the. expansible member.

ln the above description l have referred to several practical examplesot my present improvements. No unnecessary limitations are to be implied therefrom as it possible that the essentials et my invention might also be exemplified in other structural terms. Icordingly, the right is reserved to incorporate such iniprovenients in the various alternative embodiments thereot as may fairly be comprehended within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.

`iVhat I claim is:

l. An anchoring` device comprising a rigid expanding member and a sott metal expanslble member adapted to be assembled in coaxially extending` relation to each other by a relative axial movement ot said members so that one end ot the expanding member is disposed in expanding contact with an opposed end ot the expansible member Without distorting the latter, and means operatingconcurrently with such assemblage ot said members whereby they are perinanently connected with each other in the form ot a composite unit.

2. An anchoring device comprising a rigid expanding member and a sott metal expansible member adapted to be assembled in coaxially extending relation to each other by a relative axial movement of said membnfs so that one end ot the expanding member is disposed in expanding Contact with an opposed end oli' the expansible member Without distorting the latter, and parts bearing a fxed relation to the expanding and expansible members respectively, automatically positioned tor co-operation with each other in the act oi? assembling said members, to retain the latter in such assembled relation in the term ot a composite unit.

3. itin anchoring device connirising a tubular, non-elastic, radially expansible meinbcr, intuitie,- al circunilcrcntially continuous vvail, ai: o);panding` member adapted to be initally asi-ir-nibled in expand .o' relation to said expansible member by. relative axial movement oi" said members to position an endet the expanding member within one end ot said expansible member, While maintaining' the normal torni ol.l the latter member, and aid members having means cooperatively engaged by snch assembly thereol to inseparabljyv connect said members in the iorm ot a composite unit.

An anchoring device comprising` a tapering hard metal expanding member, a sott metal expansible member initially assembled upon the expanding` member in longitudinally projectingl relation thereto and with one end or' said expansible member enclosing the smaller end oit the expana'ling member each ot said members having a Wall structure uninterrnpted in cross-section and means bearing a lixed relation to said members operative when they are so assembled Without alteration in lorm of the expansible member to prevent disconnection ot said members but pern'iitting the expansible member and the expanding member to move longitudinally relative to each other whereby the expansible member is expanded.

5. An anchoring' device compri Ang a hard metal exlnmding member, a. sott metal expansible member, each otl said members having a. longitudinal bore and said expanding men'iber having one oit its ends initially engaged `in one end of thc bore ot' said expansible meniber said latter member having` a circ1in'itercntially continuous Wa l, one ol said members adapted to be moved longitudinally relative to the other member to thereby expand said expansible member` and means movable with said movable member adapted to coact with internal means on the other member without expanding the expansible member' to retain said members in their initially assembled relative positions as a composite unit.

G. An anchoring device Comprising a hard metal expanding member, a soft metal expansible member, each of said members having a longitudinal bore and said expanding member having one ot its ends initially engaged in one end ot' the bore ot' said exlll) llll

pansible member, said expansible member adapted to be moved under pressure `upon said expanding member and thereby expanded, and means movable with said expansible member received in the bore oi said expanding member and coactingl with the wall thereof when said members yare initially assembled to retain said members in such assembled relative positionsas a composite unit. j

T. An anchoring device comprising a hard metal expanding member having a longitudinal bore, an impact receiving member, a soft metal expansible member, and means carried by said impact receiving member adapty ed to engage in the bore of said expanding y member and coact with the wall thereof member, said expanding member having a :Til

part engaged by said means after expansion oi said expansible member to prevent relative axial movement of said expandingand impact receiving members and thereby maintain said expansible member under maxi-- mum expanding pressure.

9. An anchoring device comprising a hard metal expanding member having a longitudinal bore provided with a shoulder, a soft metal expansible member, and an impact receiving member provided with means to extend into said bore and interlockingly engage said shoulder and retain said member in initially assembled relation with the expanding and expansible members. v

l0. An anchoring device Ycomprising a hard metal expanding lmember having a longitudinal bore provided Vwith spaced shoulders, a soft metal expansible member, and an impact receiving member provided with means to extend into said bore and iiiterlo'ekingly engage one of said `shoulders and retain said member in initially assembled relation with the expanding and expansible members, said means interlocking with the other shoulder after expansion of said expansible member to prevent relative f is 'axial movement of said expanding andl impact receiving members." Y

` 11. An anchoring device including a soft metal expansible member, two hard metal expanding members adapted to be initially assembled in spaced relation to each other and. in expanding relation to the opposite ends ot' saidexpansible member, one of said ex-I panding members being movable under pressure towards theother to expand said ex-` pansible'member, and means carried by the expanding members for retaining the sainel in such assembled relation with the expansible member to form a composite unit.

12. An anchoring device including'a soft metal expansible member, two hard metal expanding members adapted to be initially4 assembled in spaced relation to each othery lation including parts operative upon the` completion or such expanding movement to prevent an axial separating movement of said expanding'members.

13, An anchoring device including a soft metal expansible member, two hard metal expanding members adapted to be initially assembled in spaced relation to each other and in expanding relation to the opposite ends of said expansible member, one of the expanding members being movable under` pressure towards the other-to expand said `expansible member, and means independent of the expansible member automatically operable at the end of such expanding movement to effect an interlocking connection between said expanding members and prevent an axial separating movement thereof.

14. An `anchoring device including avhard metal expanding member, a soft metal expansible member,-an impact receiving ineinber adapted to impart .relative axial'move- ,ment to said expanding and expansible mem bers to expand the latter. and means independent of the expansible member autoinatically operating at the end of the expanding movement of said impact receiving member to permanently fix'tlie latter against an axial receding movementfwith respect to the expanding and expansible members. Y

In testimony that ,I claimthe foregoing as my invention I have signed my naine hereunder.

MoR'riMER cARLisLE LYDDANE. 

